Remembering a Life Essay Example for Free

Remembering a Life EssayI remember him in the misted vision of toddler years and once more in girlhood, the booming voice on TV, someone grown-ups talked about, eyelids flapped wide. Elders huddled round the screen enraptured, in fear for him, in awe. In her Remembering a Life, Nordette Adams describes the foul pioneer, heartthrob, charming, charismatic and inspirational leader Martin Luther superpower.Although the main purpose of this paper is to speak about the immense power of the audio/optical media as well as identify its tools and spots of power, and according to essay writing rules, the introductory sentence should include the formal goal exposed the writer finds it more appropriate and eventidetide attracting to start by the most important tool in visual media the presenter. In the globalization era, media is the number one intercontinental tool.It has different types starting with the scripted media represented in newspapers and journals, audio media represented in the radio, and fin aloney and most influential the audio/visual media represented in speeches and TV shows. Obviously, the audio/visual media attracts the highest number of audience for its wide-spread and easy access features. Sound and visual illustrations are no longer mere minor complements to thought but they directly determine the thoughts and the very conduct of millions of individuals.It was therefore inevitable that a desire should spring up to master much(prenominal) a powerful instrument, to discipline it for better (education) or for worse (advertising, for example). (pp. 1) Thence, the important elements that constitute any powerful piece of news item are the effective words, charismatic presenter, as well as the part of transition, gestures and above all the strong meaningful cause. A close look into the successful speech I have a dream presented by Martin Luther pansy fuel show the effective and successful elements of a media news item.As well-known to everyone , Martin Luther King is a revolutionary man who devoted himself to pursuing the suit of the black, and defending their rights against oppression and discrimination. He is such a charismatic leader and talented speech presenter whose characteristics are essential to any media man. He was such an eloquent man who inspired many people. In this regard, Oprah Winfrey says Nothing that has happened in my life since I was 16 years old wouldve been possible.I wouldnt have been in radio, I wouldnt have been on television, I would have been have been who I am I just wouldnt have the life that I have without Martin Luther King junior , To have been a living witness to the changes his vision and his dream have brought not just for me personally but for me personally it really is awesome grace. He possessed wisdom of thought and strength of cause and for his beliefs he said many philosophical quotes that can inspire any person wherever he is.To exemplify, he pleaded for work until the fin al breath Even if I knew that tomorrow the world would go to pieces, I would still plant my apple tree, he even cared for schools When schools flourish, all flourishes, and above all, he detested war War is the greatest plague that can afflict humanity, it destroys religion, it destroys states, it destroys families. In fact, it is no wonder he became the nowadays well-known Martin Luther King. In his speech I have a dream, Martin Luther King speaks it all loud in fluent, strong and coherent chosen words.He speaks the cause, history, acknowledgment, union, and requests. At the very beginning, he exposes the cause and history for the march and his speech Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic darkness we stand at once, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of shrivel up injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their cap tivity.But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. unmatched hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. And so weve travel along here today to dramatize a shameful condition.From the very beginning, the listener can highly sense the strong articulation of every word, as if Martin Luther King does not want the listener to escape a letter denoting the gravity of his cause. The brilliancy is not merely in the choice of the eloquent words, or in the smooth flow of sentences, but it is clearly shown also in his mild intonation for he uses a stable tone rising at certain points of indispensable assertion. For example, he emphasize d the injustice done to the Negro by gruelling his vocal cords reflecting his pain and strong belief in his cause. Upon this pattern, he continues to unfold his reasons.Actually, Martin Luther King uses variable styles incorporating even ironic and literary images that enriche his speech play it into a beautiful piece of art achieving amusement for any listener. He believes that God is just and that a discrimination free atmosphere is urgently needed for both Blacks and Whites. He states in rather an ironic image that we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt moving the crowds to laugh at his simple, yet, strongly righteous note. One more time, his intonation rises, but this time while talking about the present straight off is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of Gods children. He speaks about the urgency of having real elective and free country. However, he is also very reasonable. He refuses the black to obtain their freedom on the bodies of the snowy. He refuses violence thoroughly.Therefore, he gives credit to the white who nutrition him in his cause The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. And they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. Briefly, Martin Luther King exposes calmly his stance and asserts his beliefs before he reaches his climax. The climax of the speech exposes the ultimate strength of the words and performance.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed We ease up these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the semblance of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today Without taking a course in presentation skills, and without having knowledge for an interview, Martin Luther King manages to use a firm and strong voice, in addition to his gestures that make the audience soar with his words. Watching this speech is indeed a joy because it bears within the meaningful message of a leader transmitted through media.The injustice done to any person in this life, and the discrimination against any person, all echo in this speech. The cause is so clear in the words, the presenters belief, and the crowds aggregated around him believing in his cause. In a nutshell, todays democracy, freedom, peace and coexistence were built upon the shoulders of inspirational leaders such as Ghandi and Martin Luther King. ? Works Consulted Adams, Nordette. Remembering A Life A Poem Honoring Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Retrieved on March 30, 2010 from http//www. authorsden. com/categories/poetry_top. asp? catid=69id=109389 King, Martin Luther. (1963).I have a Dream Speech. Retrieved on March 30, 2010 from http//www. mlkonline. net/video-i-have-a-dream-speech. hypertext markup language King, Martin Luther. Martin Luther Quotes. Retrieved on March 30, 2010 from http//www. brainyquote. com/quotes/authors/m/martin_luther_3. html Lestage, Andre. (1959). The Use of Audio-visual Aids in Ed ucation. UNESCO Chronicle. Retrieved on March 30, 2010 from http//www. unesco. org/education/nfsunesco/pdf/LESTAG_E. PDF Winfrey, Oprah. (2008). Oprah Winfrey How Martin Luther King Changed My Life. Retrieved on March 30, 2010 from http//www. people. com/people/article/0,,20172797,00. html

Two wheeler Industry in India Essay Example for Free

Two wheeler Industry in India EssayIt has been more than than 50 course of studys now that bikes have been ruling the Indian automobile sector. In 1955, the Indian government needed sturdy and reliable motorcycles for its Army and natural law to patrol the rugged border highways. The first batch of 350cc Bullet the super bike in India of both times, from the Royal Enfield Company of UK were received and assembled at Chennai. Since then, bikes in India have been flourishing as a dickens wheelers segment, and Indian bikes gaining on popularity all across the world. Talking of bikes cc, bikes having four-stroke engines are thought to be more displace efficient motorbikes.They are the main reason for the growth of motorbikes in India as a segment. Indian bikes market share is about 81. 5% of the total two wheeler market in India. Three-fourth of the total exports in the two wheeler automobile industry is made in the motorcycle segment. Exports are made in the main to South East Asian and SAARC nations. India is the shaper of some of the best bikes in the world. whiz Honda, Kinetic labour, TVS Motor, LML India are some of iconic bike manufacturers in India. in that respect are cheapjack motorcycles that comprise the commuter bikes segment, as well luxury bikes like sports bike in India for the new age bikers.Ever year, a series of latest bike launch keep the sector buzzing. Kawasaki Ninja, Bajaj Pulsar 135 LS, and Honda Unicorn Dazzler are some of the latest motorcycle models that have made news in the youthful past. Besides, there are also a number of new bikes in India that are awaiting a launch in the near future 3. Big Players This divide provides detailed information on every bike manufacturer in India, features of motorcycles, motorcycle parts, and cheap motorcycles. 3. 1 Bajaj Auto Established in 1945, Bajaj Auto Ltd. was corporate as a trading company.Till 1959, they imported scooters and three-wheelers from Italy and sold them in Indi a. The company got a turnout license in the year 1959 and fastened a technical collaboration with Italian PIAGGIO in 1960. Bajaj Auto Ltd. is one among Indias top ten companies in terms of market capitalization and among the top five in terms of annual turnover. The company started producing scooters in the year 1961 and followed three-wheelers production in 1962. Its collaboration with Piaggio expired in 1971 and since then, their scooters and three-wheelers are being sold with the brand pay heed BAJAJ.Maharashtra Scooters Ltd. , a Company with 24% equity participation by the Company and 27% participation from Maharashtra State Governments Western Maharashtra Development Corp. was formed in the year 1975 under the Horizontal transfer of technology policy. The first production unit is located at Satara, Maharashtra. The unit continues to collect scooters from CKDs supplied by the Company. These scooters are marketed through the Companys scattering network and under the Companys b rand name. In 1984, the second production plant was set up at Aurangabad, Maharashtra.This plant started scooter production in 1986, three-wheeler production in 1987 and scooterettes and motorcycle facilities were commissioned in 1990 1991 respectively. Today, the company has become a market leader with annual production in excess of 1. 35 one thousand thousand units which was about 4000 units in 1961. TWO WHEELERS MOTORCYCLE Bajaj Discover 150 DTSi 150 CC Bajaj Avenger 180 CC Bajaj CT 100 99. 27 CC Bajaj Discover DTSi 135 CC Bajaj Kawasaki Caliber 111. 6 CC Bajaj Kawasaki Boxer 111.6 CC Bajaj KB 125 123 CC Bajaj 4S Champion 99. 35 CC Bajaj Platina 99. 27 CC Bajaj Pulsar 135 LS 135CC Bajaj Pulsar DTS-Fi 220 CC 220 CC Bajaj Pulsar DTSi Pulsar 180 DTS-i UG 180 CC Pulsar 150 DTS-i UG 150 CC Pulsar 200 Cc 200 CC Pulsar 220 DTS-Fi 220 CC Bajaj Wind 125 124. 6 CC Bajaj XCD 125 CC Bajaj Discover DTS-Si 100cc 100 CC Bajaj Pulsar 220 S 200CC SCOOTERS Bajaj Brav o 145 CC Bajaj Chetak 145. 45 CC Bajaj Classic SL 145.45 CC Bajaj Legend 150 CC SCOOTERETTES/MOPEDS Bajaj Blade DTSi 100 CC Bajaj Cagiva CRX 145 CC Bajaj Fusion 145 CC Bajaj Kristal DTSi 100 CC Bajaj M 80 Electronic 74. 08 CC Bajaj Rave 74. 08 CC Bajaj Safire 74. 4 CC Bajaj Spirit 100 CC Bajaj Sunny 59. 86 CC Bajaj Sunny Spice 59. 86 CC Bajaj Wave DTSi 109. 7 CC 3. 1. 1 SWOT Analysis Lets analyze the position of Bajaj in the online market set-up, evaluating its strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities available. Strengths ? Highly experienced management.? Product design and development capabilities. ? Extensive R D focus. ? Widespread distribution network. ? High performance products across all categories. ? High export to domestic sales ratio. ? Great financial support network (For financing the automobile) ? High economies of scale. ? High economies of scope. Weaknesses ? Hasnt employed the excess cash for long. ? subdued has no established brand to mat ch gun for hire Hondas Splendor in commuter segment. ? Not a global player in spite of huge volumes. ? Not a globally recognizable brand (unlike the JV partner Kawasaki)Threats ? The competition catches-up any new innovation in no time. ? Threat of cheap imported motorcycles from China. ? Margins getting squeezed from both the directions (Price as well as Cost) Opportunities ? Double-digit growth in two-wheeler market. ? Untapped market above 180 cc in motorcycles. ? more maturity and movement towards higher-end motorcycles. ? The growing gearless trendy scooters and scooterette market. ? Growing world demand for entry-level motorcycles especially in emerging markets 3. 2 gunman Honda Motors Hero Honda Motors Ltd.is a take of the joint venture between Indias Hero Group and Japanese Honda Motors Company in the year 1983. This joint venture has not only created the worlds single largest two wheeler company but also one of the most advantageful joint ventures worldwide. Hero Hond a is globally known of being the most fuel-efficient and the largest CBZ selling Indian Motorcycle Company. This is a relationship so harmonious that Hero Honda has managed to achieve indigenization of over 95 percent, a Honda record worldwide. The company is committed to provide the node with excellence.A rich background of producing high value products at reasonable prices led the worlds largest manufacturer of motorcycles to collaborate with the worlds largest bicycle manufacturer. During 80s, Hero Honda became the first company in India to prove that it was possible to drive a vehicle without polluting the roads. They company possess three manufacturing units based at Dharuhera, Gurgaon and Haridwar are capable to produce 4. 4 million units per year. They introduced new generation motorcycles that set industry benchmarks for fuel thrift and low emission.The unique features like fuel conservation, safety riding courses and mobile workshops helped the group shit in the interior s of the country. Well-entrenched in the domestic market, Hero Honda Motors Ltd. turned its attention overseas, and exports have been steadily on the rise. Over the years, the Company has received its share of accolades, including the National productiveness Councils Award ( 1990-91), and the Economic Times Harvard Business School Association of India Award, against 200 contenders. The gross sales of Hero Honda by March end2008 was 33,371,43 Crores.TWO WHEELERS MOTORCYCLES Hero Honda achiever Hero Honda CD Dawn Hero Honda CD Deluxe Hero Honda CD 100 Hero Honda CD 100 SS Hero Honda Glamour Hero Honda Glamour Hero Honda Splendor Hero Honda Passion Plus Glamour Splendor + Glamour FI Super Splendor Splendor NXG Hero Honda Sleek Hero Honda CBZ X-TREME Hero Honda Karizma .Karizma ZMR FI Hero Honda Hunk SCOOTERETTES/MOPEDS Hero Honda Pleasure Hero Ankur Hero Gizmo Hero Panther Hero Puch Automatic Hero Sakhti 3G Hero Stepmatic Hero Street Hero Winner Hero Stepmat ic Hero Puch Automatic Hero Sakthi 3G Hero Winner 3. 2. 1 SWOT analysis 3. 3 TVS Motor TVS Motor is a leading and trusted two wheeler company began with the ken of TVS Scooty.The founder of the Sundaram Clayton Group, the late T. S. Srinivasan to design, develop and produce an affordable moped for the Indian family. This vision was realized in 1980 when TVS 50, Indias first two-seater moped rolled out of the factory at Hosur in Tamil Nadu, Southern India. The company has been known for its formidability and reliability. TVS 50 was successful and it has smoothened the way for many successes for TVS Suzuki even before its launch in the market. The TVS 50 XL is especially designed for individuals who want saving fused with sporty looks. Recently new XL Super With a 70 cc high-tech Power Pack is all set to define the category of mopeds in the country.The Suzuki Samurai was launched for the time conscious urban commuter. The Max 100 R was engineered for those who demanded stren gth and ruggedness. Along with them all, Suzuki Shogun was for those who wanted raw power. TVS Motor has continually worked on innovating the motorcycle segment along with two wheeler range. The Suzuki Shaolin, developed by TVS Suzuki is Indias first 5 speed, 140 cc motorcycle. Another example of the company success is TVS Scooty, a 60 cc Scooterette which keep one step ahead of its time in India. TVS Motor has been coveted 2 IT awards, one of them is bagging the skim ACE 2008 award for Customer Excellence and the other one is 2008 Symantec South Asia Visionary Award.Along with this, it is the first company in the world to be prestigious with The Deming Prize for Total Quality Management. In September 2008, the company has got 19% growth for registering total two wheeler sales of 137,246 units . The company is the third largest two-wheeler manufacturer in India and ranks among the top ten globally. The company was the first in India to launch 2-seater 50cc moped and 100cc Indo-Jap anese motorcycles. At present TVS Apache, TVS Victor, TVS Scooty, TVS Centra and TVS Fiero are the popular bikes in Indian market. In all, team TVS has triumphed each and every race and rally in the country from the road to racetrack, with each of the TVS bikes being a winner.And each time the Team TVS has win on the track or off it, our customers have secured a better product for their personal transportation. TWO WHEELERS MOTORCYCLES Suzuki Hayabusa 1300 Suzuki Intruder M1800R Suzuki GS 150R TVS Apache RTR FI TVS Centra TVS Fiero TVS Fiero F2 TVS Fiero FX Suzuki Max 100 Suzuki Max 100R Suzuki Samurai Suzuki Shogun Suzuki Shaolin TVS flare TVS Victor TVS Star TVS Victor GLX TVS Star TVS Victor GX TVS Star City TVS Victor Edge SCOOTERETTES/MOPEDS TVS Scooty Streak TVS Scooty TVS XL TVS Scooty ES TVS XL Super TVS Scooty peppiness TVS XL Super HD TVS Pep Plus TVS XL Super TVS XL Super HD Scooty Teenz Electric TVS Apache RTR TVS Spectra DX/AX .

Compare Nuclear and Wind Energy

Comp ar Nuclear and Wind EnergyAt present, society is developing rapidly so mankind call for more electricity. Most countries argon using the method of burning fossil fuels to make power to produce the materials which effects the environment because carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide are emitted. These gases can help to build the greenhouse effect and acid rain pollution, which will make the earths temperature warmer and the rain acidic. Therefore, mankind uses new ways to produce capability, such as, atomic, nuzzle and solar. In this essay, nuclear brawn will be compared and contrasted with flex energy some(prenominal) of them are energy for sustainable development, though the main differences are their location, environment and efficiency.The similarity is that both nuclear energy and wind energy are will father a negative have-to doe with for environment, although both of them are not product bad for environment gas. According to Darvill (2010), the nuclear energy is produced by the large nuclei splitting to release energy. hitherto, after nuclear fission, the nuclear power plant will produce some danger waste, when the radiation happening, Marples (1996) cited that Iodine-131, Cesium-137, and Strontium-90 were the most serious radioactive elements to be disseminated by the misfortune at Chornobyl. The cases it was nuclear and pollution. For example, Marples (1996) reported that the famous nuclear leakage is the disaster at Chornobyl on the middle of ninety century which the contaminated areas include, approximately 20 percentage of the territory of Belarus, circa 8 percentage of Ukraine and about 0.5-1.0 percentage of the Russian Federation, altogether the total area is about the size of the Northern Ireland combined the state add of Kentucky or of Scotland. Besides that, wind energy is also harmful to the environment. Because wind power energy needs to build a high tower, confide a large propeller on the top, the wind blow the p ropeller turn round. Furthermore the windmill can kill birds, Darvill (2012) show than migrating flocks tend equal to dependent on strong wind move. However, the windmills also like to build in those areas. Therefore the species will be abatement or disappear to cut short the ecological balance, which is the same badly for environments. Both ways to make electricity are bad for environments.One obvious difference is the geographical limitations of power generation. When a country found the new way to make energy, this is the most important thing they considered. Nuclear energy and wind power energy both have geographic limitations. Most nuclear power stations are built in coastal regions, because the nuclear power stations need to use the ocean water as the coolant. If the stations were building inland, nuclear power station also can use the fresh water as the coolant, however the coronation would be raised. The location of wind power is more important for generation, mankind wou ld like to build a lot of these towers together, to set up a wind farm and produce more energy, before building the station, the most important part is to choose a place which has strong wind as wind farm. Duncan (2000) pointed out that the wind speed should be around in 25 meter per second to make sure that the wind turbines are working stably, it than crocked the wind must strong and reliable. Such as Darvill (2010) showed that at the open plains, on the tops of hills and gaps in mountains. Therefore, wind energy cannot be used everywhere. other difference between nuclear energy and wind energy is efficiency. Nuclear power stations work as the fossil fuel burning stations, both of which are heating the water to make steam, that turn turbines and make electrical power. One ton of uranium produces more energy than that produced by several meg tons of coal or several million barrels of oil (Thinkquest). Thus, the nuclear power energy is more efficientlythan the fossil fuels when ma king power. However wind power energy is a kind of low efficiency energy. Duncan (2000) illustrated that both of from solar energy and wind power energy, the cost of produced electricity are substantial higher than for a heat power station, furthermore the generators are erratic since they require sunshine or wind to work. For example Currently solo 1 percentage of the state of Californias electricity supply comes from 17000 wind mills, with the equivalent output of one fossil-fuel plant (Duncan, 2000). The efficiency is the obvious difference for nuclear energy and wind energy.In conclusion, nuclear energy and wind power energy are both have different and similar property. The similarity is both of them are not product the bad for environment gas. The nuclear energy is high efficiency energy, it cost less source to make more energy even though, after fission, it would produce waste, which is dangerous the wash, it is danger. Furthermore, the wind energy is efficiency is too low an d the geographical limitation is a big problem. In my opinion, the nuclear energy power can be the popular to use in future, because nuclear is more efficiency, the waste problem will with the social development to resolve.

The History Of The Sewing Machine

The History Of The Sewing MachineThe art of stitching was invented in the Paleolithic era, where early custody used sharp pointed tools called awls to poke holes in pieces of leather and then thread a strip of leather or sinew through the leather to happen upon coverings for cold weather. Then, the idea to make a notch at the end of the awl came about and it allowed the thread to be attached to the awl, this do sew a host easier and more efficient.1Since then, implements for sew have been tremendously enhanced and refined, but the to the highest degree significant improvement made to the process of stitchery is the invention of the secure machine.For this essay, I will focus on the introduction and the proliferation of the sewing machine for use in the household in 19th to early 20th century in Europe and America. I will also examine the role that it played in society and the various issues related to the sewing machine in this uttermost of time.HistoryUp to the early a nd mid 19th century in Europe, sewing was all done by hand, everything from clothing to bed linen and curtains had to be sewn by hand, usually by the women of the family, including girls. It constituted a large part of womens labour in the kin. The skills of sewing and embroidery were taught to girls from a young age, and they were anticipate to be proficient at it. Even girls from rich families which could afford to hire seamstresses were expected to proficient in sewing. The sewing machine was significant enough such(prenominal)(prenominal) that in 1855, the influential and powerful magazine Godeys Ladys Book hailed the sewing machine as the The Queen of Inventions for the time and labour that it would save women.2The first viable, working sewing machine was invented by French tailor Barthlemy Thimonnier in 1830. By 1841, he has produced eighty machines for use by the French military to sew uniforms. A group of tailors, being fearful of the new technology, broke into the factory and destroyed the machines as they were afraid that the machines would ruin their livelihoods. In 1846, America, a mechanic Elias Howe came up with another physique for the sewing machine, using the lockstitch instead of Thimonniers chain stitch method. However, the machine was not well received in America and Howe travelled to England to seek financing for the proceeds for his machine. Upon his return to America, he discovered that the inventors Isaac utterer and Walter Hunter had improved on his design, with a rigid instead of a vibrating arm, similar to the sewing machines that we have today. The machine they made had move around a commercial success. After that, many sewing machine companies were set up and many people made improvements to the design of the sewing machine. To resolve patent issues, some of these companies came together to form the Sewing Machine Corporation. The next major improvement in the design of sewing machines with Singer Manufacturing Companys intro duction of the electricity powered sewing machine.3Marketing the sewing machineOne thing about the sewing machine which I found interesting was the means in which it was marketed and how the marketing of the sewing machine changes as peoples perception of the sewing machine changed. Some of the earliest French advertising material for sewing machines were targeted at men and showed a soldier at the sewing machine. From its introduction until the 1850s, the sewing machine was targeted at men and for industrial use, until it was suggested to Singer Sewing Company that they perform a machine for domestic use. Henceforth, the advertising of the sewing machine was targeted at women.4The marketing strategy was altered to react to the changes of womens view on the increasingly parking lot sewing machine. When the sewing machine was first made available, it was expensive and unaffordable and hence became a locating symbol for the wealthier families. The time saved could be used for dogm a their children or simply resting. From the 1850s to the 1870s, the sewing machine was also marketed as a piece of furniture, which led to some of the higher end sewing machines coming with console give in cases that were rather elaborate and fanciful. The sewing machine continued to gain in popularity and by the 1890s, it was common enough for it to lose its association as a status symbol. This led to a change in the perception of the sewing machine. Instead of being something meant to be displayed, it was now a tool that was best hidden from view, flat though it was still frequently used. This led to modifications in the new types of machines being introduced, such as the drop head model, where the machine could be folded into a table and out of sight after use.5,6Another event that altered the role of the sewing machine was the rise of the ready-to-wear clothing constancy in the 1920s. inappropriate today, readymade clothing were of better quality but more costly compared t o home sewn clothing as they were made by professional dressmakers. At this extremity of time, the sewing machine was marketed as a money saving tool, allowing women to save some money by sewing their own clothing and look as polished as if they were wearing ready to wear clothing. Advertising from a sewing machine company then claimed that with the help of Greist attachments, the items sewn at home have a finished look instead of a home-made look7Pioneering new forms of technologyAn idea in the marketing of the sewing machine which I found worthy of exploration was the idea of hire purchase that began in the 1890s. Clothing manufacturers were unwilling to invest in sewing machines as labour was twain cheap and plentiful. Due to the abundance of labour, the wages of the working women were low and their work undervalued.8The working class women were the group of people that would benefit the most from owning a sewing machine of their own. However, few people from this class of soci ety could afford to buy one, as a sewing machine could cost anywhere from a fifth to half of their yearly income. Owning a sewing machine would allow them to take on more pieces of work and possibly improve their standard of living, making the sewing machine a very attractive piece of equipment. Through the installment plans, women could possibly afford to purchase a machine9. Though the idea of never-never did not originate from the sewing machine industry, it was one of the early pioneers of this method of purchase and the first industry to extend direct credit to the consumer. It was ingenious of the industry to recognize the potential of installment schemes back when such methods of payment were unheard. This is in contrast to todays world where there are hire purchase schemes available for most major purchases.The Sewing Machine and the industrial RevolutionOne of the trademarks of the Industrial Revolution was the idea of standardized and interchangeable parts. This process w as first utilized by the ammunitions manufacturing industry to produce multiple parts with great precision to produce weapons like muskets. The alike level of precision was required in the manufacturing of sewing machines. Isaac Singer saw the potential in this process and his company was one of the first to take advantage of this manufacturing process.10Production by this method ensured that any two machines of the same type were identical and the quality of the machines remained constant11. This allowed the sewing machine to be produced on the assembly line, and in turn caused the cost of production to be dramatically decreased, allowing the company to pass the savings on to the consumers. Also, interchangeable parts allowed repairs to be made effortlessly should a part of the machine be broken as the manufacturer could simply send over another piece similar to the one that was broken.12This made the sewing machine more appealing to the customers especially when join together wi th the decrease in price.The sewing machine was one of the inventions among others that were created during the Industrial Revolution and led to changes in the role that women play in society. The introduction of machines such as the sewing machine, washing machines, refrigerators and vacuum cleaners saved women in the household much time and effort.13This allowed women to receive more educational opportunities and the ability to become a skilled worker and be engaged in occupations such as teaching or nursing where their labour is of value. Women were no longer bind up in the household carrying out household chores.ConclusionTo conclude, I feel that the sewing machine is one of the more significant inventions to be made during the years of the Industrial Revolution. The the study of the sewing machines can help us understand world events and issues that took place during that period of time such as the Industrial Revolution, and the changes in the lives of women.Also, when compare d to todays world, the role that the sewing machine plays in the society is vastly different than the role that it played back in the late 1800s. The domestic sewing machine is now something of a novelty. This is just another example to show that as society changes, the needs of the people changes with it. What was regarded as a necessity in the household back then is no longer a necessity today.Beaudry, Mary C. Findings. New Haven Yale University Press, 2006.Coffin, Judith G. The Politics of Womens work. New Jersey Princeton University Press, 1996.Connolly, Marguerite. The Disappearance of the house servant Sewing Machine, 1890-1925. Winterthur Portfolio, 1999 31-48.McClellan, James E.,and Dorn, Harold. Science and technology in world historyAn Introduction. Baltimore John Hopkins University Press, 2006.Zakreski, Patricia. Representing Female Artistic Labour, 1848-1890. Hampshire Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2006.

Enhancing Online Privacy In Behavioral Targeting Advertisement Information Technology Essay

Enhancing Online Privacy In Behavioral Targeting Advertisement In kneadation Techno recordy tryAdvertisements atomic number 18 fork of everyday life even if its not a choice. They are placed in every possible physically spot and in every kind of mass media. Advertising has become an key channel of modern marting 19. The purpose of advertisements can be brand awareness, brand forwarding or brand sales and the regularity varies ground on the media used.Internet media is an important communication channel and could not be an exception therefore, display waft advertisement has become a big industry especially the latest years as advertisers struggle to approach ever-larger audiences with higher susceptibilities to consume. It is estimated that global online advertising market is valued $40 billion in 2009 and grown to $80 billion by 2010.5Yet, people actively avoid looking at online banners 1 and empirical and observational studies show that advertising messages are noisy 2. Mea ning that people are anointed by the existence of advertisements on vane and therefore the effectiveness of the advertisement function might be low for people that dislike this noise. A way to measure the effectiveness and success of online banner advertisements is CTR (Click Through Rate). A CTR is calculated by dividing the amount of users who clicked on an ad in spite of appearance a weave page by the amount of times the ad was in total delivered (impressions).The average click-through sum up of banner ads has been decreasing consistently, from 3% in the mid-1990s to 0.2% (eMarketer 2004).Studies showed that since we are faced with an ever expanding mass of nurture theselection of the relevant bits of information seems to become more important than the retrieval of data 3. The relevance of information is subjective and is related to the personal raise of each user. Hence, the idea of behavioural targeting within online advertisement was very cursorily expanded in all count ries and is today affected to be a mandatory service for the online advertisement industry. Online Behavioural targeting (OAB) is not a new practice within online advertisement industry it was low gear released in late 1990s from DoubleClick to track users across sites and present banner advertisements based on their browsing preferences. 6Interest based advertising is not a static area of applied science. On the contrast, its continuously evolving and adapted to new techniques and methods, aiming to increase the revenues by succeeding on targeting the correct potency customers based on their personal interests. Its evolution combines blade mining in data analysis of on-line users behaviour and machine learning in optimizing web on-line advertising 1Companies in the industry use Interest based advertising as a ancestor for optimizing the selection of ads to display for a real user. The selection of ads is based on an interest profile built up during visits to websites within a specific ad network.Problems with behavioural targetingThe problem in todays solution within interest based advertisement is that since users have the ability to choose to surf in private mode, by selecting this choice from the web browser, it is impossible to gather anon. data rough their interests.In advance, although online behavioral advertising promises to decrease the noise and increase the users interest, there is a great concern and protest, particularly among privacy and consumer protagonism groups 6 mainly because of the technology that is been used.In addition to the general disapproval of the fact that the majority of advertising companies store and use their customers information in a non-ethical way, an forthcoming refinement of the methods which advertising companies use to inform their users about their online tracking is expected due to an EU directive issued on 2009 15. This directive is expected to redefine the implementation and operation of current methods used for retrieval of identification data, since every online advertising agency should explicitly ask for the users consent before accessing and processing his data.Current technology backgroundAs mentioned previously, apart from the fact that current behavioral advertising techniques fail to retrieve the appropriate information regarding their target groups, they also neglect the security system concerns. Most of them seem to focus more on attracting users attention and persuade them to purchase without taking into consideration their privacy. As a result, security attacks are super related with current advertising methods, thus making customers suspicious and face rather negatively the fact that their online behavior is monitored.In this section we testament first provide a brief description of the available techniques that are widely used from the advertising industry, in order to familiarize the reader with some basic underlying concepts. Consequently, we will specify whic h of these technologies are used by some of the leading advertising companies aiming to track users online preferences, how they manage to deal with security attacks and why they lull fail to convince people that they perform their privacy protection efficiently.One of the most common techniques used to track online behavior nowadays are Cookies. These are text files created by web sites and placed into users hard disk. When a user is visiting a site this file is placed automatically in a specific repository that each browser retains to store cookies. The near time the user choses to visit again this specific site, he will be unequivocally identified based on the information that cookie has stored for him7. This information can be related to his browsing report, such as the sites he has visited, the usernames and passwords he provided to log into them etc., or information regarding his systems or networks details, such as browser type and version, operating system he uses or his IP address8.Another, relatively new introduced method is Deep big bucks Inspection (DPI). It is mainly carried out within the users ISP consent and cooperation with advertising companies, since it uses specific software and hardware aiming to retrieve information regarding the online preferences of ISP customers 9. This information may include details regarding sensitive private data, such as name, sex or location of the user as well as his browsing and buying history.On the other hand, web beacons are often used for behavioral tracking also. They are usually a chunk of code linked to a graphic image that is not visible to the user in the foreground of a Web page. It can be used to collect either unnamed data, and in this case are stored in the cache of web browser or personal information which can be retrieved for example from an email containing the web beacon 10.The techniques mentioned in the previous paragraph are widely used by some of the most dominant companies in the adv ertising industry, which aim to piss the users profiles based on the tracking of their interests. In this section we will examine how companies like DoubleClick, Phorm and hayseed exploit the available web techniques to gather information about their users and how they manage to protect the privacy of them.DoubleClick, which was founded in 90s and managed to evolve into one of the most well-known online advertising agencies was acquired by Google Inc.in 2007. They use web cookies that are stored on users browser each time he chooses to visit Google, DoubleClick or some of their partners (YouTube, Amazon etc.). Hence, they retrieve information based on both general browsing history of the user as well as his searching or purchasing history through specific advertising sites. The DoubleClick Cookie is stored in the web browser as a log file containing the time that the user interacted with the advertisement, the users IP address, a number specifying the advertisement, a unique ident ification number for the users browser and the universal resource locator path of the site that hosts the advertisement 11. As such, DoubleClick claims to use information that dont violate users privacy and dont use sensitive personal data to construct the users online profile.Phorm uses Deep Packet Inspection to acquire information from the users online preferences. It cooperates with ISPs to collect data regarding their customers and uses the existing ISP infrastructure to achieve this. The main procedure it falls is to mark each browser with a several(predicate) random number and relate it with the 10 most often keywords that appear in the visited sites and as such construct a channel, which is a specific subset of users interests 13.Yahoo makes use of web beacons and the so called Yahoo Cookies, in order to offer their users more focused to their interests advertisements 14. They use both anonymous and personal data, but in the latter case they require partners to disclose th e presence of web beacons in their privacy policies and state what choices are available to users regarding the collection and use of this information, as state in their website14. As such, they rely on their partners privacy policies to efficiently protect the personal information of their users and also inform the user about the action of lay in his private data. link up privacy concernsDespite the fact that all the previously mentioned advertising agencies offer an opt-out choice to their users 15, which allow them to disable the tracking methods operation, there is a lot of discussion about the level in which they succeed in protecting their users privacy. The greater issue of controversy between privacy advocates and advertising agencies focuses on whether all these companies actually use the retrieved information in an ethical way, and if this information is indeed anonymous. Numerous reports depict that Abacus Alliances, which owns databases containing personal information and is one of the major cooperators of DoubleClick practice sensitive data of DoubleClicks visitors 12. Phorm has been constantly accused from UK tabloids and Privacy Protection Organizations to infringe Internet Users rights by acquiring and storing personal information, and has also intrigued EU s interest which has launched several legal proceedings against UK for not complying with the EU security rules 20.Research MethodologyIn order to provide an accomplished approach to our research we consider that the most suitable inquiry method is Qualitative Methodology and more specifically the conceptual inductive research process since it this is used in close to every workplace and study environment 17 and covers our research structure and baseborns. Within a qualitative study we can generate data in the form of participant descriptions of their experiences and use literary analytic procedures to produce higher-order descriptions and understandings of the investigated experience 1 8.First, we will investigate the dominant tendencies of tracking users online behaviour and create the corresponding profiles for marketing purposes. By looking into the main web tools and techniques they deploy to retrieve information about the visitors of their sites, we will try to find out how they manage to build an overall setting of their preferences. We will particularly examine these techniques through a point of view of privacy concerns. In fact we will examine the ways they claim to successfully use towards protecting the privacy of their users, and in which degree they actually manage to achieve this. This part of our survey will be carried out through a data collection procedure based on three different sources of informationThe official sites of these companies, in which they describe the basic techniques that use for online behavioral targeting and what policies they follow to protect the privacy of their users.Articles and papers which discuss and evaluate these tec hniques, by pointing out the basic points in which they fail to efficiently provide privacy security.Previous surveys and statistics which picture that either users are not interested in the advertisements they are exposed to, or their distrust to the level of the protection they perceive that these companies offer to them.On the next step, our research will deal with a combination of technologies that aim to collect anonymous information regarding customers behaviour and use them for behavioural advertisement targeting. As such, its tendency will be to succeed in providing efficient advertise targeting along with showing respect to the users need for privacy and freedom of choice.On the third part of our research, we will try to testify the acceptance of our proposed technique. We consider that the most suitable way to achieve this is within a questionnaire that will give us feedback for our proposal.Related ResearchThe selection of the target group for this questionnaire was bas ed on the following criteriaThe target group should consist of people that have regular contact with variant Web sites. This means that they have already experienced being exposed to online advertisements, and as such will be better able to express a well-argued opinion about online advertising issues.It would be also useful that they acquire basic knowledge regarding the common tools and methods basically used to track their online behavior. Of course this doesnt mean that they should have in deep knowledge of the technical aspects of these methods, but rather a general sense of how it is feasible for an advertising company to get information about their online behavior.The above consequently imply that the target group should consist of young-aged people, who are the main Internet users and usually have daily interaction with web applications.For practical purposes it would be more convenient that the target group is easily accessible from us and is also familiar with Research an d Scientific concepts. As such, it will be of greater interest to them to take part in our survey.For the above reasons we regarded that the most suitable target audience for our questionnaire are KTH and DSV students. Our questions will deal with both examining their opinion about the effectiveness of our proposal in correctly identifying their interests and defining the level of their trust to the privacy protection that it guarantees. The final step will be to collect and evaluate the results coming out of our survey, in order to reach our final conclusions.Literature references1 Drze, X., and Hussherr, F.-X. (2004). Internet Advertising Is Anybody Watching? Journalof Interactive market , 8-23.2 Bharat N. Anand Ron Shachar (2009) Targeted advertising as a signal Quant Mark Econ (2009) 7237-2663Hildebrandt, M. and Gutwirth, S. (eds.), Profiling the European Citizen, Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives, Springer, p.1 (2008) (Profiling the European Citizen)4 J. Jaworska and M. Sydow ( 2008) Behavioural Targeting in On-Line Advertising An Empirical drive5 Policy Engagement Network The Information Systems and Innovation Group, ONLINE ADVERTISINGConfronting the Challenges. MAY 20096 V.Toubiana, A.Narayanan, D.Boneh, (2009) Adnostic Privacy Preserving Targeted Advertising7 JOON S. PARK AND RAVI SANDHU, Secure Cookies on the Web, IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING, July-August 20008 Daniel Lin, Michael C. Loui, Taking the Byte stunned of Cookies Privacy, Consent, and the Web, Ethics and Social Impact, ACM Policy 989 Gabriel Macia-Fernandez, Yong Wang, Rafael Rodrguez-Gomez, Aleksandar Kuzmanovic,ISP-Enabled Behavioral Ad Targeting without Deep Packet Inspection,IEEE INFOCOM 2010 proceedings10 JOSHUA GOMEZ, TRAVIS PINNICK, ASHKAN SOLTAN, KNOW PRIVACY, UC Berkeley, School of Information, JUNE 1st 2009 p.8-911 http//www.google.com/privacy/ads/12 Ethan Preston Law Clerk, In the Matter of DoubleClick Inc.- Complaint and Request for Injunction, Request for Investigation and for Oth er Relief, submitted to Federal Trade Commission, February 10, 200013 http//www.phorm.com/14 http//info.yahoo.com/privacy/us/yahoo/webbeacons/15 2007/0248 (COD), Directive Of The European Parliament And Of Council, electronic communications universal service, users rights relating to networks and services, processing of personal data, protection of privacy, consumer protection cooperation Telecoms Package(amend.Directives 2002/22/EC, 2002/58/EC and Regulation (EC)No 2006/2004), Brussels, 22 October 200916 http//www.networkadvertising.org/participating/17 http//www.qsrinternational.com/what-is-qualitative-research.aspx18 D. E. Polkinghorne, handbook of Clinical Psychology Competencies, 200919 Adams M (1995) Brands of gold. Mediaweek 1330-3220 OsborneClark.com, International Online Behavioral Advertising Survey, 201021 Anton, A.I., Earp, J.B., Young, J.D., How Internet Users Privacy Concerns Have Evolved since 2002, Security Privacy, IEEE, Volume 8 , Issue1, Jan.-Feb. 2010p.24

Themes of Morality and Racism in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is a novel full of racism and hypocrisy of the parliamentary law that we know. Huck continually faces the many a(prenominal) challenges of what to do in tough situations dealing with racism and what the company wants him to do. With the novel being written in the first person point of view gives us insightful information into the challenges the Huck is facing and gives us a look into Hucks head. Huck uses many different techniques to deal with his problems and he gets by them with the end result always being what Huck believes is right. Through Hucks perspective we see how he deals with all of the racism and hypocrisy of society to form him into the character that he is and to serve the themes of the novel.Huck in many instances has a conflict from the racism that society has put forth and he has difficulty deciphering what is right by his heart and what is right by societys standards. In the novel you find Huck lying on many d o to help protect his break ones back friend Jim. In one instance Huck poses as a girl in a town land the river to see the response to Hucks fake death and Jims disappearance. Huck finds out that Before night they changed around and judged it was done by a runaway nigger named Jim The nigger run off the very night Huck Finn was killed. So theres a reward out for him-three coulomb dollars (86). With a reward being out for Jims capture Huck knows that people are going to be looking for Jim. Huck quickly created a story to protect his slave friend Jim from the feared slave catchers. Huck hides his identity numerous times to protect his friend Jim from danger and possibly death. It takes an extraordinary broad(prenominal) moral person to take these kinds of personal risks to prote... ... could not stand such indecency and it bothered him to see that. It made my heart ache to see them acquire fooled and lied to so. (183). Huck in those passages shows a special person, al intimately a hero, that was uncanny for the time period, showing emotions towards slaves where the rest of the society either didnt mean anything of it or just thought of slaves as property with no feelings.With all the issues of right and wrong, Huck tries to do the right thing even though most people in the society around him wouldnt view them as correct. Huck breaking Jim out of slavery and Hucks feelings of sickness of slave trading, give the reader insightful information on the characters perspective. Through Hucks perspective we see how he deals with all of the racism and hypocrisy of society to form him into the character that he is and to serve the themes of the novel.

Parenting Styles- An Asian Insight Essay -- essays research papers

In 1978, Dr. Diana Baumrind was the first to define the four p arenting styles. Since then, there have been more styles that utilize different category designs. For Baumrind, her categories were responsiveness and demandingness.     Responsiveness is defined as warmth a parents response to the needs of a tiddler in an accepting and supporting way. Responsiveness can also be used exchangeable with love. Parents use love as a tool to teach right from wrong, increase a childs self-esteem, and encourage individualism. In order to portray love, these parents use a combination of communication, negotiation, and reason.     Demandingness, or limits, refers to a parents expectation of mature, responsible behavior. Parents use limits and expectations to teach respect and provide a sound structure for their child. Consequently, the use of control and rocky discipline is used.The differences amid the four styles is easily seen and defined in the foll owing chartBaumrinds Four Parenting StylesDemandingnessResponsiveness     Low     High     Low     Uninvolved      peremptory     High     Permissive     AuthoritativeAuthoritative or democratic parents are considered flexible, using negotiation and communication with control and discipline to allow for give-and-take situations. They are less likely to use physical punishment. These parents encourage a childs uniqueness and gives love and respect. They offer their support in everything the child does, even when the result is failure. sort of they encourage a healthy rebound. Authoritarian parents are seen as highly directive individuals who value obedience to maintain order. They tend to monopolize a child and hold them to, sometimes, unreasonable goals. These parents constantly supervise, give reminders, and instruct their child in every aspect of everyday life. In some extremes and due to external sources, potentate parents give excessive amounts of duties and chores upon a child, which would cause a child to miss out on the "carefree" aspect of childhood. These parents also discourage discussion between them and their children  ... ... in her own way and makes sure that I understand, but she also gives me time to think it. To tell the truth, I sometimes hated my parents for their bias manipulation of my sister and I. Then again, I think I was quite a difficult child, both rebellious nonconforming, but it just hurts when the phrase Dont be like your sister is used. Nevertheless, I grew up well adjusted and happy. I did not plan on becoming a mother at such a young age. I felt like there are so many things left un comed. However, my husband and I have been enjoying Andrew for whom he is. He is such a bundle of joy. We are the new generation parents, and we are nurturing a new genera tion. We like to let him learn by experience and not stifle him. Letting him roam around and get into things is the best way for him to see the world. Why be so concerned about let Andrew get into things? Someone had commented that we are the most casual set of parents she has ever met. I like to think of that in a positive way. I ofttimes draw from my childhood experiences and bring myself to Andrews level to become a better parent, because what better way is there to understand our children than to become children ourselves?